Research & Publications

Location: Home \ Research & Publications \ Publications

Year 2024

[1] Song, Z.Y.,  Lin, C.W., Feng, X.H.and Paul T.W. Lee.*An empirical study of the performance of the sixth generation ports model with smart ports with reference to major container ports in mainland China. Transportation Research Part E, 2024, 184, 103460.

Year 2023

[7] Xu, C.Q., Liu, F.Z., Zhou, Y.Z.*, Dou, R.L., Feng, X.H.and Shen, B., Manufacturers' emission reduction investment strategy under carbon cap-and-trade policy and uncertain low-carbon preferences. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 2023, accepted.

[6] Feng, X.H., Song, R., Yin, W.W., Yin, X.W., and Zhang, R.Y.*Multimodal transportation network with cargo containerization technology: Advantages and challengesTransport Policy, 2023, 132, 128-143.

[5] Lu, C., Aritua, B., de Leijer, H., van Liere, R. and Lee, P.T.-W.*, Exploring growth causes of China’s Inland Waterway Transport, 1978-2018: Documentary analysis approach. Transport Policy, 2023, 136, 47-58.

[4] Lee, P.T.-W.* and Song, Z-Y., Exploring a new development direction of the Belt and Road Initiative in the transitional period towards the post-COVID-19 era. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2023, 172, 103082.


[3] Yap, W.Y., Hsieh, C-H, Lee, P.T.-W., Shipping connectivity data analytics: Implications for maritime policy. Transport Policy, 2023, 132, 112-127.


[2] Shu, Y., Zhu, Y., Xu, Feng., Gan, L., Lee, P.T.-W., Yin, J., Chen, J., Path planning for ships assisted by the icebreaker in ice-covered waters in the Northern Sea Route based on optimal control. Ocean Engineering, 2023, 267, 113182.

[1]  Dong, G., Liu, Z., Lee, P.T.-W.*, Chi, X., Ye, J., Port governance in the post COVID-19 pandemic era: Heterogeneous service and collusive incentive. Ocean and Coastal Management, 2023, 232, 106427.


Year 2022

[13] Cheong, I., Yoo, J.H., Hong, E.K., Park, S.K. and Lee, P.T.-W.*Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on global value chain and implications for Belt and Road Initiative. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 2022, 14(4), 371-394.

[12] Yuen, K.F., Chua, J., Li, K.X., and Wang, X., Consumer's adoption of virtual reality technologies for marine conservation: Motivational and technology acceptance perspectives. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2022, 182, 121891. 

[11] Wu, M., Li, K.X., Xiao, Y., and Yuen, K.F., Carbon emission trading scheme in the shipping sector: Drivers, challenges, and impacts. Marine Policy, 2022, 138, 104989. 

[10] Yang, J., Ge, Y.E., and Li, K.X., Measuring volatility spillover effects in dry bulk shipping market. Transport Policy, 2022, 125, 37-47. 

[9] Jin, M., Shi, W., Liu, Y., Xu, X., and Li, K.X.*, Heterogeneous impact of high speed railway on income distribution: A case study in China. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2022, 79, 101128.

[8] Fadaki, M., Abareshi, A., Far, S.M., and Lee, P.T-W.*, Multi-period Vaccine Allocation Model in a Pandemic: A Case Study of COVID-19 in Australia. Transportation Research Part E, 2022, 161, 102689.

[7] Liu, W., Zhang, J., Shi, Y., Lee, P.T.-W., Liang, Y., Intelligent logistics transformation problems in efficient commodity distribution. Transportation Research Part E, 2022, 163, 102735.

[6] Lin, C-W, Lee, M-K, Yang, Z., Lee, P.T.-W.*, Performance evaluation of Asian major cruise terminals. Ocean and Coastal Management, 2022, 221, 106130.

[5] Feng, X.HHe, Y.C., and Kim, K.H.*, Space planning considering congestion in container terminal yards. Transportation Research Part B, 2022, 158, 52-77.

[4] Ye, G.Q., Zhou, J.Y., Yin, W.W., and Feng, X.H.*Are shore power and emission control area policies always effective together for pollutant emission reduction? – An analysis of their joint impacts at the post-pandemic era. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2022, 224, 106182.


[3] Xu, J., Luo, C.L., Ng, C.T., Feng, X.H., and Cheng, T.C.E., Remanufacturing with random yield in the presence of the take-back regulationComputers & Industrial Engineering, 2022, 168, 108097.


[2] Feng, X.HWen, B.L., and Moon, I.K.*, Universal point scheme with a platform and multiple retailers. International Journal of Production Research, accepted.

[1] Lee, T.W., Hu, Z.H., Lee, S.J., Feng, X.H.*, and Notteboom, T., Strategic locations for logistics distribution centers along the Belt and Road: Explorative analysis and research agenda. Transport Policy, 2022, 116, 24-47.

Year 2021

[11]Fei, J., Lin, Y., Jiang, Q., Jiang, K., Li, P., and Ye, G. Spatiotemporal coupling coordination measurement on islands' economy-environment-tourism system. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2021, 212, 105793. 

[10] Ye, G., Fei, J., Wang, Z., Jiang, Q., Gaines, S., and Ming, C. A novel marine spatial management tool for multiple conflicts recognition and optimization of marine functional zoning in the East China sea. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, 298, 113506.

[9] Feng C, Ye G, Jiang Q, et al. The contribution of ocean-based solutions to carbon reduction in China. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 797: 149168.

[8] Yin, W.W., Wu, S.L., Zhao, X.Z., Shu, C.C., Xiao, Y., Ye, G.Q., Shi, W.M., and Feng, X.H.*, Shore power management for green shipping under international river transportation. Maritime Policy & Management, 2021, DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2021.1983219.

[7] Zhang, R.Y., Liu, Z.J., and Feng, X.H.*, A novel flexible shuttle vehicle scheduling problem in scenic areas: Task-divided graph-based formulation and algorithm. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2021, 107295.

[6] Poo, M.C.P., Yang, Z.L.*, Dimitriu, D., Qu, Z.H., and Feng, X.H., Climate Change Risk Indicators (CCRI) for seaports in the United Kingdom. Ocean & Coastal Management, 2021, 205, 105580.

[5] Wang, M., Lee, P.T-W.*, and Chan, R. A Study of the Role of Guanxi for Value-added Supply Chain Innovation. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2021, DOI: 10.1080/13675567.2021.1926951.

[4] Hu, Z-H, Liu, C-J, and Lee, P.T-W.*  China’s global investment and maritime flows in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China, 30(129), 465-480. 2021, DOI: 10.1080/10670564.2020.1827357.

[3] Liu, W., Shanthikumar, J.G., Lee, P.T-W., Li, X., and Li, Z. Editorial: Smart Supply Chains and Intelligent Logistics Services. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 2021, 147, 102256.

[2] Wei, H. and Lee, P.T-W.* Designing a Coordinated Horizontal Alliance System for China’s Inland Ports with China Railway Express Platforms along the Silk Road Economic Belt. Transportation Research Part E. 2021, 147, 102238.

[1] Zhang, R.Y., Liu, Z.J., and Feng, X.H.*, A novel flexible shuttle vehicle scheduling problem in scenic areas: Task-divided graph-based formulation and algorithm. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 2021, 107295.

Year 2020

[17] Lee, P.T-W. The 6th Generation Ports and Smart Ports. Working Paper No. 2020-01, Maritime Logistics and Free Trade Islands Research Center, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China, 2020, 18pp.

[16] Yang, Z-Z., Sun, Y., and Lee, P.T-W.* Impact of the development of the China-Europe Railway Express – A case on the Chongqing international Logistics center. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 136, 244–261.

[15] Dong, G. and Lee, P.T-W.* Environmental effects of emission control areas and reduced speed zones on container ship operation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 274, 122582.

[14] Zhang, X., Zhang, V., and Lee, P.T-W.* Importance rankings of nodes in the China Railway Express network under the Belt and Road Initiative. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 139, 134-147.

[13] Yang, Z.*, M. C-P Poo*, F. Galatioto, D. Dimitriu, Z. Qu, C. Rushton,  Lee, P.T-W. B. Guan, N. Woodward. Key Green Performance Indicators (KGPIs) for vehicle cleanliness evaluation: A buyer choice. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2020, 87, 102505. 

[12] Xiao, Y., Wang, G., Lin, K. C., Qi, G., & Li, K. X.* The effectiveness of the New Inspection Regime for Port State Control: Application of the Tokyo MoU. Marine Policy, 2020, 103857. 

[11] Li, K. X., Lin, K. C., Jin, M., Yuen, K. F., Yang, Z., & Xiao, Y.* Impact of the belt and road initiative on commercial maritime power. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 135, 160-167. 

[10] Qi, G., Shi, W., Lin, K. C., Yuen, K. F., & Xiao, Y.* Spatial spillover effects of logistics infrastructure on regional development: Evidence from China. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 135, 96-114. 

[9] Yin, H., Chen, Z., Xiao, Y., & Wang, S. Analysis of risk management performance with innovative approach: a case study of China’s shipping companies. Maritime Policy & Management, 2020, 1-15.

[8] S. Jia, Q. Zhang, S. Sarkar, J. Mao, J. Hang, W. Chen, X. Wang, L. Yuan, L. Yang, G. Ye, S. Zhou,Size-segregated deposition of atmospheric elemental carbon (EC) in the human respiratory system: A case study of the Pearl River Delta, China. Sci Total Environ, 2020, 708, 134932. 

[7] Wang, C., Lim, M.K., Zhang, X., Zhao, L., and Lee, P.T-W. Railway and road infrastructure in the Belt and Road Initiative countries: Estimating the impact of transport infrastructure on economic growth. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 134, 288-307.

[6] Hu, Z-H, Liu, C-J, and Lee, P.T-W.  Analyzing Interactions between Japanese Ports and the Maritime Silk Road Based on Complex Networks. Complexity, 2020, Article ID 3769307. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3769307

[5] Suthiwartnarueput, K., Lee, P. T-W*, Lin, C-W., Visamitanan, K., Yang, Z. and Ng, A.K.Y. A trial to generalise evaluation of key driving factors of port-city waterfront development, International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 2020, 12(3), 174-196.

[4] Choi, K-S., Xia, T-S, and Lee, P.T-W.* Structural relationships among shippers’ perception, value, and choice intention of Korea-China train ferry service, Maritime Policy & Management, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2020.1729431

[3] Wang, T., Qu, Z., Yang, Z., Nichol, T., Dimitriu, D., Clarke, G., Bowden, D., and Lee, P.T-W. Impact Analysis of climate change on rail systems for adaptation planning: A UK Case. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment,  2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2020.102324

[2] Yang, Z-Z., Sun, Y., and Lee, P.T-W.* Impact of the development of the China-Europe Railway Express – A case on the Chongqing international Logistics center. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2020, 136, 244–261.

[1] Zhang, R.Y., Huang, C., and Feng, X.H.*, Empty container repositioning with foldable containers in a river transport network considering the limitations of bridge heights. Transportation Research Part A, 2020, 133, 197-213.


Year 2019

[17]Hu, W.; Yu, W.; Ma, Z.; Ye, G.; Dang, E.; Huang, H.; Zhang, D.; Chen, B*.(2019) Assessing the Ecological Sensitivity of Coastal Marine Ecosystems: A Case Study in Xiamen Bay, China. Sustainability 11, 6372. 

[16]Yang, X. , Lin, L. , Zhang, Y. , Ye, T. , & Ye, G*. . (2019). Spatially explicit assessment of social vulnerability in coastal china. Sustainability, 11(18), 5075.

[15]Jiang, Q. , He, J. , Wu, J. , He, M. , Bartley, E. ,  Ye, G*. , George C*.. (2019). Space‐time characterization and risk assessment of nutrient pollutant concentrations in china's near seas. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 124.

[14]Shibasaki, R., Tanabe, S., Kato, H., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo. (2019). Could Gwadar Port in Pakistan Be a New Gateway? – A Network Simulation Approach in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative Context. Sustainability, 11, 5757; doi:10.3390/su11205757.

[13]de Andrade, R.M., Lee, S., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, Kwon*, O.K., Chung, H.M. (2019). Port efficiency incorporating service measurement variables by the BiO-MCDEA: Brazilian case. Sustainability, 11, 4340; doi:10.3390/su11164340.

[12] Chang, Y-T. and Lee, Paul Tae-Woo* (2019). Goss and ensuing research in shipping and port. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics, 11(5), 390-404.

[11] Paul, S. K., Sarker, R., Essam, D. and Lee, Paul Tae-Woo (2019). A Mathematical Modelling Approach for Managing Sudden Disturbances in a Three-Tier Manufacturing Supply Chain. Annals of Operations Research. doi.org/10.1007/s10479-019-03251-w

[10] Chen, J, Xie, X., Huang, T., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, and Hua, C. (2019). Constructing Governance Framework of a Green and Smart Port. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 7, 83. doi:10.3390/jmse7040083.

[9] Hossein, Asefi., Shahrooz Shahparvari.*, and Prem Chettri (2019). Integrated municipal solid waste management under uncertainty: a tri-echelon city logistics and transportation context. Sustainable Cities and Society. 50, 101606.

[8] Hossein, Asefi., Shahrooz Shahparvari.*, Prem Chettri and Samsung Lim (2019). Variable fleet size and mix VRP with fleet heterogeneity in integrated solid waste management. Journal of Cleaner Production. 230, 1376-1395.

[7] Ruan, Xiao., Bandara, Y. M., Lee, J-Y, Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, Chhetri, P. (2019). Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative in the Indian Sub-Continent under Future Port Development Scenarios. Maritime Policy & Management. (in press)

[6] Suthiwartnarueput, K., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, Lin, C-W., Visamitanan, K., Yang, Z. and Ng, A.K.Y. (2019). Evaluation of Key Success Factors of Port-City Waterfront Development, International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics. (in press).

[5] Chang, Y.T. and Lee, Paul Tae-Woo* (2019). Overview of maritime research publications by the late Professor Richard O. Goss. Maritime Policy & Management. 46(3), 367-376.

[4] Chen, J., Y. Fei, Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, and Tao, X. (2019). Overseas Port Investment Policy for China’s Central and Local Governments in the Belt and Road Initiative. Journal of Contemporary China. 28(116), 196-215.

[3] Shin, S-H, Lee, Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, and Lee, S-W (2019). Lessons from Bankruptcy of Hanjin Shipping Company in Chartering. Maritime Policy & Management, 46(2), 136-155.

[2] Q. Jiang J. He J. Wu X. Hu G. , Ye, Guanqiong*, Christakos*, (2019).  Assessing the severe eutrophication status and spatial trend in the coastal waters of Zhejiang province (China). Limnology and Oceanography, 64(1), 3-17.

[1] Moon I.K., Xu J., Feng, X.H.*, and Ruan, X (2019). Cooperative sales promotion with a point-sharing policy: Advantages and limitations. Omega (in press)


Year 2018

[18] Dong, G., Zheng, S., and Lee, Paul Tae-Woo* (2018). The effects of regional port integration: The case of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port. Transportation Research Part E, 120, 1–15

[17] Shin, S-H, Kwon, O. K., Ruan, X., Chhetri, P., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, and Shahparvari, S. (2018). Analyzing Sustainability Literature in Maritime Studies with Text Mining. Sustainability, 10(10), 3522. DOI: 10.3390/su10103522

[16] Li, Kevin X., Park, Tae-Joon, Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, McLaughlin, Heather, and Shi, Wenming (2018). Container Transport Network for Sustainable Development in South Korea. Sustainability, 10(10), 3575. DOI: 10.3390/su10103575

[15] Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, Lee. S-W., Hu, Z-H, Choi, K-S, Choi, N. Y. H., and Shin, S-H. (2018). Promoting Korean International Trade in the East Sea Economic Rim in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, Journal of Korea Trade, 22(3), 212-227. DOI: 10.1108/JKT-03-2018-0015

[14] Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, Lam, J.S.L., Lin, C-W, Hu, K-C, Cheong, I.K. (2018). Developing the fifth generation port concept model: an empirical test. International Journal of Logistics Management, 29(3), 1098-1120

[13] Ng, Adolf K.Y., Changmin Jiang, Xiaoyu Li, Kevin O'Connor, and Paul Tae-Woo Lee* (2018). A conceptual overview on government initiatives and the transformation of transport and regional systems. Journal of Transport Geography, 71, 199-203

[12] Kim, H-J, J. S. L. Lam, and Paul Tae-Woo Lee* (2018). Analysis of liner shipping networks and transshipment flows of potential hub ports in sub-Saharan Africa. Transport Policy, 69, 193-206

[11] Yang, Z., Ng, Adolf K.Y., Paul Tae-Woo Lee, Wang, T., Qu, Z., Rodrigues, V.S., Pettit, S., Harris, I., Zhang, D., and Lau, Y-Y (2018). Risk and cost evaluation of port adaptation measures to climate change impacts, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 61, 444-458. 

[10] Ng, A.K.Y., Zhang, H., Afenyo, M., Becker, A., Cahoon, S., Chen, S.L., Esteben, M., Ferrari, C., Lau, Y.Y., Paul Tae-Woo Lee, Monios, J., Tei, A., Yang, Z. and Acciaro, M. (2018). Port decision-maker perceptions on the effectiveness of climate adaptation actions. Coastal Management, 46(3), 148-175. 

[9] Chhetri, P., Mathews Nkhoma, Konrad Peszynski, Anjali Chhetri, Paul Tae-Woo Lee* (2018). Global logistics city concept: a cluster-led strategy under the belt and road initiative, Maritime Policy & Management, 45(3), 319-335. 

[8] Li, L., Zhu, J.D., Ye, G.Q., and Feng, X.H* (2018). Development of green ports with the consideration of coastal wave energy. Sustainability, 10, 4270. 

[7]Wei, Hairui, Sheng, Zhaohan, and Paul Tae-Woo Lee* (2018). The role of dry port in hub-and-spoke network under Belt and Road Initiative, Maritime Policy & Management, 45(3), 370-387

[6] Paul Tae-Woo Lee, Hu, Z-H, Lee, S-J, Choi, K-S, and Shin, S-H (2018). Research trends and agenda on the Belt and Road (B&R) initiative with a focus on maritime transport, Maritime Policy & Management, 45(3), 282-300. 

[5] Jiang Qutu, Junyu He,  Ye, Guanqiong*, George Christakos*, (2018). Heavy metal contamination assessment of surface sediments of the East Zhejiang  coastal area during 2012-2015. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 163, 444-455.

[4] Han, Y., Wei, F., Ye, Guanqiong*, Yang, S., Ma, P., & Hu, W. (2018).  A study on evaluation the marine carrying capacity in guangxi province, china. Marine Policy, 91, 66–74.

[3] Shi, W.M., Wang, G.G., Zhao, X., Feng, X.H., and Wu, J* (2018). Price determination in the electrolytic aluminum industry: The role of electricity prices. Resources Policy, 59, 274-281. 

[2] Zhang, S.Z., Ruan, X., Xia, Y.Z., and Feng, X.H*  (2018). Foldable container in empty container repositioning in intermodal transportation network of Belt and Road Initiative: strengths and limitations. Maritime Policy & Management, 45(3), 351-369. 

[1] Ruan, X., Feng, X.H.,* and Kelvin, Pang  (2018). Development of port service network in OBOR via capacity sharing: an idea from Zhejiang province in China. Maritime Policy & Management, 45(1), 105-124. 


Year 2017

[8] Chung, Y-S, Lee, Paul Tae-Woo.*, and Lee, J-K (2017). Burnout in seafarers: its antecedents and effects on incidents at sea. Maritime Policy & Management, 44(7), 916-931

[7] Lim, S-W, Suthiwartnarueput, K., Abareshi, A., Lee, Paul Tae-Woo*, Duval, Y. (2017). Key factors in developing transit trade corridors in Northeast Asia. Journal of Korea Trade, 21(3), 191-207

[6] Ma, P., Ye, Guanqiong*, Peng, X., Liu, J., Qi, J., & Jia, S.(2017). Development of an index system for evaluation of ecological carrying capacity of marine ecosystems, Ocean & Coastal Management, 144, 23-30

[5] Chen, J., Ye, Guanqiong*, Jing, C., Wu, J., & Ma, P. (2017). Ecological footprint analysis on tourism carrying capacity at the Zhoushan Archipelago, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 22(10), 1049-1062

[4] Ye, Guanqiong*, Jie Liu, Loke M. Chou, Jacob Chee, Chuxin Zang. (2017). Designing a Network of Coral Reef Marine Protected Areas in Hainan Island, South China. Coastal Management, 45(3), 219-232.

[3] Moon I.K., and Feng, X.H.* (2017 )Supply chain coordination with a single supplier and multiple retailers considering customer arrival times and route selection. Transportation Research Part E, 106, 78-97

[2] Feng X.H., Moon I.K., and Ryu K.Y.* (2017)  Warehouse capacity sharing via transshipment for an integrated two-echelon supply chain. Transportation Research Part E, 104, 17-35

[1] Feng X.H., Lee, Y.N., and Moon I.K.*, (2017)  An integer program and a hybrid genetic algorithm for the university timetabling problem. Optimization Methods & Software, 32(3), 625-649